Students can explain and apply mathematical concepts and carry out mathematical procedures with precision and fluency to use place value understanding and properties of operations to perform multi-digit arithmetic. Tasks associated with this target will be non-contextual computation problems that assess fluency in addition and subtraction within 1000. Some of these tasks should provide information about the strategies and/or algorithms students are using, in order to ensure that they are general (based on place value and properties of operations). Other tasks will assess either rounding (with an emphasis on conceptual understanding, if possible) or the more important multi-digit computations specified in 3.NBT.A.3. Because the answers to such multiplications are easily found by mnemonic tricks, these items should be of a conceptual nature to assess reasoning with place value and properties of operations.