The mid-20th century was a time when "equality" became a keyword for the United States. While white discrimination against blacks accelerated through music, drama, and other forms of expression, black opposition to this discrimination was also expressed through art, song, and other forms of expression. The civil rights movement, made famous by speeches by Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. and others, began in earnest in the United States in the 1950s. As the civil rights movement led to the recognition of equality between whites and African Americans (blacks), it also led to a reevaluation of various other inequalities, including gender, LGBTQ, etc., and brought attention to the importance of diversity. Through this collection, viewers can learn about the historical background and the music of this era by learning about “the attitudes of whites toward blacks”, “the civil rights movement”, and “black protest songs of the 1950s and 1960s” as an educational tool. I hope that this book will be read by people of all ages, from elementary school students to adults.

#TUJBridgeSpring2022Giarratani

Citations/References:

Cooke, Sam. “Sam Cooke - A Change Is Gonna Come (Official Lyric Video).” YouTube, 22 Jan. 2016, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wEBlaMOmKV4&t=8s

Dylan, Bob. “Blowing In The Wind (Live On TV, March 1963).” YouTube, 11 Sep. 2012, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vWwgrjjIMXA

El0diie31. “Common Feat. Will I Am - I have a dream.” YouTube, 2 Feb. 2008, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=avbNOjCOHJE

Ikachina. “Jump Jim Crow - Blackface Song and Dance.” YouTube, 27 Jan. 2013, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ALTam2L9NhE

Jim Crow. https://jstor.org/stable/community.13714858. Accessed 20 Apr. 2022.

John1948SevenB. “Joan Baez - We Shall Overcome (BBC Television Theatre, London - June 5, 1965).” YouTube, 29 Oct. 2015, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nM39QUiAsoM

Lennon, John. “GIVE PEACE A CHANCE. (Ultimate Mix, 2020) - Plastic Ono Band (official music video HD).” YouTube, 19 Dec. 2016, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C3_0GqPvr4U

Okmusix. “Billie Holiday - Strange Fruit (1939).” YouTube, 27 May. 2014, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0mO92ll_q0k

Overfield, Aaron. “Nina Simone: Mississippi Goddam.” YouTube, 27 Feb. 2013, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LJ25-U3jNWM

RARE FACTS. “I Have a Dream speech by Martin Luther King .Jr HD (subtitled).” YouTube, 8 Nov. 2017, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vP4iY1TtS3s

Scherman, Rowland. “Civil Rights March on Washington, D.C. (Leaders Marching from the Washington Monument to the Lincoln Memorial).” Wikipedia, U.S. National Archives and Records Administration, 28 Aug. 1963, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/...,_D.C._(Leaders_marching_from_the_Washington_Monument_to_the_Lincoln_Memorial)_-_NARA_-_542010.tif.

“The Civil Rights Act of 1964.” Harvard Law Review, vol. 78, no. 3, 1965, pp. 684–96, https://doi.org/10.2307/1339128. Accessed 19 Apr. 2022.

Warhol, Andy, 1928-. Elvis. https://jstor.org/stable/community.13698218. Accessed 19 Apr. 2022.