Black women were an essential and vital part of the Black church. In the late 19th century, women represented around 80 - 90% of the congregation, and yet, church leadership was 80 - 90% male. Black women begin to reflect on their role and leadership opportunities in the Black church. At this time, women are starting to make the argument that, according to the Bible, women have the right to preach, as well as participate in separate missionary organizations and raise funding for their church.