U.S Army veteran Caesar Smith explains the political climate of Vietnam after World War II and the role U.S. advisers played in Vietnam prior to the start of the Vietnam War. Caesar Smith was a career military officer who served two tours in Vietnam and retired as a Major. In 1964, he was a U.S. advisor to South Vietnamese troops. This segment is from Iowa Experience: Vietnam, a panel discussion recorded at Iowa PBS in Johnston, IA on September 10, 2017.