Learn how zebra stripes create an optical illusion that tricks predators in this video from NATURE/ Natural Born Hustlers Part 1: Staying Alive. The black and white striped external structure of zebras has long baffled scientists as they try to understand the evolutionary benefits of the bold pattern. Using a computer-generated model, scientists now believe the pattern creates an optical illusion called “motion dazzle,” similar to the wagon wheel effect. It confuses predators and makes it difficult for them to track the zebras’ movement.