This video from the PBS series The Story of the Jews explores Jewish life under Russian rule at the turn of the 20th Century by analyzing photographs of shtetl life taken by a group of Jewish ethnographers. When Jews in the Polish-Lithuanian kingdom came under Russian rule, they were expelled to the Pale of Settlement that stretched from the Baltic to the Black Sea. These photographs revealed the diverse occupations of the Jews and the ways in which shtetl life preserved a sense of community even for a community in exile.