Learn about Harry Truman's efforts to oppose the spread of Communism in the years immediately following World War II, using archival photos, interviews, and newsreels to in this video on the Cold War, adapted from AMERICAN EXPERIENCE The creation of a Soviet Bloc in Eastern Europe and the escalating threat of Soviet dominance over other countries in the region led the president to propose a strategy premised on the division of the world into free and totalitarian factions. This strategy, later called the Truman Doctrine, became part of a Cold War that would pit the United States and the Soviet Union against each other for the next four decades.